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The influence of the dominant trees and grain substrate the composition of the microbial community studied by PLFA
Stachová, Sandra ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Heděnec, Petr (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to analyze soil microbial communities of three ecologically different locations, about 25 years old, forestry reclaimed dumps in the Republic of Poland, namely dumps of brown coal mine Bełchatów and sand mines Piaseczno and Szczakowa. I evaluated the degree of dependence of structure and composition of these communities on various substrate grain sizes and the influence of the dominant tree species. These were stands of birch (Betula pendula), pine (Pinus silvestris), oak (Quercus robur) and alder (Alnus glutinosa). Analysis of soil microbial communities was made by evaluating specific phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) of microorganisms. It is the most appropriate way to implement the relatively rapid analysis of large numbers of samples, since PLFA are easily extractable and act as biomarkers indicating the presence of a number of different microorganisms (fungi, G- and G + bacteria, Actinobacteria, etc.) and thus allowing a qualitative and quantitative assessment of whole microbial communities. PLFA analysis enables to detect a total concentration of PLFA only in living soil microbial biomass. I analyzed 66 soil samples, 33 from an Oe layer and 33 from an A layer, every in three replications, i.e. three replications were collected at each location below each tree...
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Phytodiversity in old fields of different age and management history on agricultural land adjacent to Czech villages in Romanian Banat area
Veselý, Adam ; Kovář, Pavel (advisor) ; Tichý, Tomáš (referee)
The main aim of this thesis was to identify the main factors influencing development and diversity of vegetation on old fields around village Svatá Helena in Romania. I evaluated the influence of age of an old field, its management (mowing, pasture, burning and fallowing), soil chemical properties, topography and surrounding vegetation. Using phytosociological relevés I collected data about species composition and coverage of species of the old field vegetation. With the assistance of local inhabitants I found out the age of the old fields and the type of applied management. I performed chemical analysis of soil properties, determined amount of available phosphorus, total carbon and nitrogen and pH. I also performed floristic survey of surrounding vegetation. The data showed a unimodal trend in plant diversity during succession. The maximal diversity was recorded on 12 years old old fields. The diversity was also influenced by C/N ratio of soils. Growing C/N ratio had a negative effect on plant diversity. Analysis also showed some interesting connections between soil properties and topographic factors. Organic C and N in soils were rising with age of old field, rate of accumulation is higher on slopes. The results showed that soil chemical properties have the highest influence on species...
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The influence of the dominant trees and grain substrate the composition of the microbial community studied by PLFA
Stachová, Sandra ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Heděnec, Petr (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to analyze soil microbial communities of three ecologically different locations, about 25 years old, forestry reclaimed dumps in the Republic of Poland, namely dumps of brown coal mine Bełchatów and sand mines Piaseczno and Szczakowa. I evaluated the degree of dependence of structure and composition of these communities on various substrate grain sizes and the influence of the dominant tree species. These were stands of birch (Betula pendula), pine (Pinus silvestris), oak (Quercus robur) and alder (Alnus glutinosa). Analysis of soil microbial communities was made by evaluating specific phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) of microorganisms. It is the most appropriate way to implement the relatively rapid analysis of large numbers of samples, since PLFA are easily extractable and act as biomarkers indicating the presence of a number of different microorganisms (fungi, G- and G + bacteria, Actinobacteria, etc.) and thus allowing a qualitative and quantitative assessment of whole microbial communities. PLFA analysis enables to detect a total concentration of PLFA only in living soil microbial biomass. I analyzed 66 soil samples, 33 from an Oe layer and 33 from an A layer, every in three replications, i.e. three replications were collected at each location below each tree...
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